Diabetes is a perennial disease that changes the way your body reacts to glucose (a type of a sugar in your blood stream). Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common diseases. The pancreas is capable of making insulin, a hormone which is responsible for turning glucose into energy. Those who have type 2 diabetes have the tendency to manufacture insulin. However, they do not have the ability to utilize this well enough.
Causes for Type 2 Diabetes
There are multiple factors which may lead up to type 2 diabetes. Some of the causes of this lifelong disease are mentioned below.
Resistance to Insulin
This is a condition which is more common with obese and physically unfit people. The fat and the liver cells begin to react inappropriately to the insulin that compels the pancreas to produce more insulin. Until the beta cells have the capacity to produce extra insulin, everything is fine but as soon as they lose their ability to produce more insulin due to the malfunctioning of the beta cells, the levels of glucose exacerbate making the person diabetic.
Anomalous Production of Glucose by the Liver
Sometimes, the liver produces massive amounts of glucose. The increased amount of glucose is also a factor which causes diabetes. If the levels of glucagon, a hormone that is released when the sugar in the bloodstream is low, remain high, it will make the liver produce more glucose than the required amounts.
Genetics
The DNA also affects how the insulin is manufactured by the body. Certain types of genes can either increase or reduce the possibility of developing this permanent disease.
Being Overweight and Lack of Physical Activity
One of the most common causes that are associated with type 2 diabetes is obesity. People who have the susceptibility to develop diabetes genetically become more prone to the disease if they are obese and do not exercise regularly. Obesity can cause body to develop resistance to insulin. The excessive fat is also responsible for causing cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes affects younger people as well just because of obesity.
Cell Communication and Signaling Issues
Cells correspond with each other through a complex network. This communication structure contains molecular channels and conduits. This is how it happens:
- The insulin receptor molecules allow insulin molecules in the blood to cling to their surface
- The interaction between the two initiates a biochemical signals
- This signal allow the cells to take in the glucose from the bloodstream
Now if the cells in certain conditions do not get a proper message or they pick up the wrong signal, then this leads to a chain reaction which changes the way our body makes insulin or absorbs glucose causing diabetes.
Dysfunction of Beta Cells
Beta cells, which are responsible of storing and releasing insulin, can get impaired. This changes the pattern of beta cells of releasing insulin, making the cells send erroneous quantity of insulin at the wrong instances. Sometimes, these cells are affected by high glucose levels which damage the beta cells. This condition is called glucose toxicity.